Small scale farmers and home gardeners may be impacted severely. Tuta absoluta small moth native to south america major pest of tomatoes and other solanaceous plants nightshades photo. Due to previous outbreaks in neighbouring west african countries, surveillance was ongoing since 2014 in benin. Insecticide effect of zeolites on the tomato leafminer. The symposium was organized jointly by iobc, fao, neppo and eppo and in collaboration with irac and ibma. Clarke 1962 changed the genus to gnorimoschema busck 1900. Tomato leaf miner tuta absoluta meyrick is present throughout the crop duration. It is a major pest of tomatoes and other solanaceous plants nightshades. Tuta absoluta was originally described as phthorimaea absoluta meyrick 1917 from a single male which was collected in huancayo, peru. Its primary host is tomato, although potato, aubergine, common bean, and various wild solanaceous plants are also suitable hosts.
Gelechiidae, is considered to be one of the most devastating pests affecting tomato crops in south america, where crop losses range from 60 to 100%. Gelechiidae, a native of south america, is spreading like wild fire in europe, the middle east, asia and africa where it is damaging fieldgrown and greenhouse tomato crops. The tomato borer, tuta absoluta meyrick lepidoptera. Click to download a pdf version of this publication. The study investigated the virulence of two subtropical epn. Clarke 1962 changed the genus to gnorimoschema busck. Several alternative control strategies are available for the control of tuta absoluta. Tuta absoluta is a small moth that is native to south america. In the search for new strategies to control this pest, we present herewith the stereoselective synthesis, electrophysiological activity, functional analysis, and field tests of new chemicals as possible antagonists of the sex pheromone of the leafminer. The newly introduced pest from south america finding the shores of the mediterranean a perfect new home where it can breed between 1012 generations a year. The tomato leaf miner, tuta absoluta meyrick, 1917, is a neotropical oligophagous moth from the family gelechiidae lepidoptera, which is associated with solanaceous crops. Description tuta absoluta or tomato leaf miner is a devastating lepidopteran pest of tomato and other solanaceae crops, including potatoes.
Tomato plants were regularly inspected and pheromone traps placed in. In order to obtain homogeneous tuta absoluta larvae same age, nutritional and general health condition, it is highly recommended that insects collected from the field f 0 generation are brought to a laboratory and reared to the f1 generation for evaluation of insecticide. After invading spain in 2006, it spread rapidly throughout afroeurasia and has become a major threat to world tomato production. Tuta absoluta is known to destroy tomato fields when not treated. Commercial farmers will have to manage spraying programs carefully. Biological aspects of tomato leafminer tuta absoluta. The tomato leafminer, tuta absoluta meyrick, is a highly destructive pest of tomatoes, causing damage to leaves, stalks, buds, and fruits. Tuta absoluta is distributed all over the coastal area of albania. Evaluation of pheromone lures for trapping the tomato. Due to the significance of the problem, the joint international symposium on management of tuta absoluta tomato borer was held on 2011111618 in agadir, morocco.
South american tomato leafminer tuta absoluta north. Impacts of tuta absoluta in kenya and zambia impacts of tuta absoluta were estimated for kenya and zambia during a household survey conducted in 2018. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the susceptibility of three tomato cultivars. Pdf some recent approaches to control tuta absoluta in. The tomato leaf miner moth was found in abuja, kano, funtua, lagos and port harcourt major tomato production regions of the country. Tuta absoluta, the tomato leaf miner, is a small moth that is causing big problems to agriculture and horticulture across the globe. Life cycle of tuta absoluta tomato leaf mining moth. Gelechiidae, a devastating pest of tomato originating from south america has been recorded in serbia on three localities. In tanzania, tomato harvests have dropped by up to 80% resulting in a 3fold. Tuta absoluta can destroy an entire tomato farm, whether in the open field or in a greenhouse, if effective control measures are not employed. At present, it is considered to be a serious threat in various countries in europe, north africa, and middle east. Tuta absoluta and the risk to farmers in sothern africa up until recently, the risk of tuta absoluta to sub saharan africa seemed to be remote. Life cycle and identification of tuta absoluta tuta absoluta.
The crop pest, tuta absoluta, which can cause extreme damage in tomatoes, eggplants, aubergine, sweet peppers and potatoes, whilst also feeding on weeds from the solanaceae family was found in the kadawa irrigation valley, which is the major producing area. Gelechiidae is a highly destructive insect pest to tomato plants and fruit and is also reported to infest other plants in the solanaceae family. Multivoltine twelve generations in a year average 260 eggs laid by a female larvae mine in the mesophyll of the leaf four larval instars pupates in the soil and sometimes in the leaves prefers tomato but can complete in other solanaceous plants. First report of tomato leaf miner, tuta absoluta meyrick. Adults are small, with a wingspan of approximately one cm and lack distinctive markings, making morphological. Tuta absoluta was first officially reported in kenya in march 2014 at isiolo and has spread to all parts where tomato is grown. Pdf attraction and oviposition of tuta absoluta females. Field evaluations demonstrate that the addition of the minor pheromone component 3e,8ztetradecadien1yl acetate to the major component 3e,8z,11ztetradecatrien1yl acetate does not significantly increase the trap catches of tuta absoluta males in the field. Management of tuta absoluta lepidoptera, gelechiidae. Pheromonebased management strategies to control the. A survey of the tomato leafminer, tuta absoluta meyrick, infestation on tomato plants was carried out in twelve governorates across egypt during flowering stage of summer plantation of 2010 and 2011 seasons.
Wherever significant difference occurred, tukey s multiple comparison test was applied for mean separation. Sangmi lee, hasbrouck insect collection, arizona state. Recently tuta absoluta considered to be a serious threat to tomato production in kenya tuta absoluta is a very challenging pest to control. Tuta absoluta florida department of agriculture and. The tomato leafminer tuta absoluta meyrick is a key insect pest of tomato in tunisia and in many other countries around the world. It also occurs on weeds of the solanaceae family solanum nigrum, datura spp. The south american tomato pinworm, tuta absoluta meyrick, is native to the western neotropics.
After its detection in the spanish tomatogrowing area at the end of 2006, it spread quickly to other european and northern african countries. The present study was carried out to attempt to acquire better knowledge of the biology of this insect and to implement suitable prophylactic. This presentation is about tuta absoluta, an invasive moth. Chemical methods used to control the pest have led to high levels of residues, hence risking. Tuta absoluta meyrick, 1917 lepidoptera, gelechiidae. Gelechiidae, the tomato leaf miner, this pest is one of the most devastating pests affecting tomato crops worldwide.
The broad tomato leafminer, tuta absoluta, is a serious pest of tomato that was introduced into jordan in 2010. Tomato leaf miner, tuta absoluta,tomato pest, potato pest. Behavioral responses of tuta absoluta to a wild and. Alshabaab as it leaves unimaginable damage of the crop after infestations. Population fluctuation of tomato leaf miner, tuta absoluta. Ecology, worldwide spread, and management of the invasive. The arrangement of the genus of this species has been changed three times. Population dynamic of tomato leaf miner, tuta absoluta. Surveillance protocol for the tomato leaf miner, tuta absoluta, for nappo member countries 4 introduction the tomato leaf miner, tuta absoluta meyrick, originated in south america and is a significant pest of tomato solanum lycopersicum l. In the laboratory trial of 2010, due to the low number of live larvae in the control, a one way. The insects will mine the leaves and burrow into the fruits of tomato, potato, beans and aubergine making them unfit for consumption. Control and management of tomato leafminer tuta absoluta. Tomato miner tuta absoluta reported in tanzania for the first time. Tomato fruit showing holes created by tuta absoluta larvae south american tomato moth tuta absoluta background tuta absoluta meyrick lepidoptera.
It occurs on eggplants, sweet peppers as well as potatoes and various other cultivated plants, but has a strong preference for tomatoes. This method is a leafdip bioassay to be performed preferably with f1 l2 larvae 45mm in size. The study problem is the pest tuta absoluta meyrick, 1917 lepidoptera. Tomato leaf miner tuta absoluta meyrick, 1917 lepidoptera. The solanaceous plants especially tomatoes have great economic impacts in egypt. Life cycle and identification of tuta absoluta guidance and support on the life cycle of and how to identify the tomato leaf miner moth. Recently tuta absoluta considered to be a serious threat to tomato production in mediterranean region.
The tomato leafminer, tuta absoluta, is one of the major pests of tomato and other solanaceae in many regions worldwide. Gelechiidae is a pest of tomatoes in south america, mining the leaves and burrowing into the fruit fig. Realtime pcr assay for rapid identification of tuta. The tomato leaf miner, tuta absoluta meyrick 1917 lepidoptera. Impacts and coping strategies for africa this publication has been developed as part of cabis action on invasives programme, which is funded by uk aid dfid and the directorategeneral for international cooperation dgis, netherlands 1. Synthesis, functional assays, electrophysiological. Gelechiidae is a serious pest of tomato solanum lycopersicum l. The mean total number of males captured did not differ significantly among delta traps baited with. Gelechiidae is an invasive insect pest of tomato and other solanaceous plants which is rapidly expanding its geographic range. Sp 1 surveillance protocol for the tomato leaf miner, tuta. This pest may be responsible for losses of up to 80100% in tomato plantations in both. It has a highly damaging effect on tomatoes and potential of threatening food production and consequently national food security. The case of the tomato leaf miner, tuta absoluta cugala, d. This specimen is deposited in the natural history museum, london, uk.
Tomato leafminer tuta absoluta meyrick lepidoptera. This insect pest originates from south america and is now considered to be one of the most damaging invasive pests of tomatoes in the mediterranean basin countries of europe and north africa. The more distributed and causing damages is second crop which often is damaged totally. Since the 1960s, this moth has become one of the key pests of tomato crops in south america garcia and espul, 1982. Current tuta absoluta worldwide invasion history as of may 2017 and main tomatoplanting area at risk of invasion in china and the united states. Management of tuta absoluta lepidoptera, gelechiidae with insecticides on tomatoes 337 variance.